Amritsar......
The golden Temple........
Golden Temple in Amritsar
The "Jewel of Punjab" Amritsar has claimed fame with its remarkable Golden Temple. One of the holiest places in the world for Sikhs, the gilded structure is a sight to behold, gleaming in the sun and reflected in the large pool that surrounds it.
The attraction also houses the world's largest community kitchen, which serves lentils and curries to 100,000 diners (including curious tourists!) every day.
While in Amritsar, plan to spend the afternoon at the Pakistan border to witness the Beating Retreat Ceremony. The goon guards of longtime rivals India and Pakistan open and close border gates in an over-the-top ceremony that you will never forget. Arrive early to dance with the locals in the street to the bustling Bollywood music. Clockwise from top) Golden Temple, Heritage Street, Wagah-Attari Border, VR Ambarsar, Partition Museum, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Chowk
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Holy city
ambarsari
sifti da ghar
Guru Nagari
Golden City
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Amritsar is located in PunjabAmritsarAmritsar
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Coordinates: 31.64°N 74.86°E
Country
India India
State
Punjab
District
Amritsar
established by
Guru Ram Dasi
Government
• type
Municipality
• Body
Municipal Corporation Amritsar
• Mayor
Karamjit Singh Rintu (Congress)
• Deputy Commissioner
Gurpreet Singh Khaira[1]
area[2]
• Metropolitan
139 km (54 sq mi)
Population (2011)
• Metropolitan
1,132,761
• Density
8,100/km2 (21,000/sq mi)
• Metro[3]
1,183,705
• Metro Rank
44th
demon(s)
Amritsaria/Ambarsaria/Amritsari
Time Zone
UTC+5:30 (IST)
Pin
143-001
telephone code
91 183 *** XXXX
vehicle registration
PB-01 (Commercial Vehicle), PB-02, PB-81, PB-89
Website
www.amritsarcorp.com
As of 2011 India census, Amritsar had a population of 1,132,761. It is one of the ten municipal corporations of the state and Karamjit Singh Rintu is the current mayor of the city.[5] The city is 217 km (135 mi) northwest of the state capital Chandigarh, 455 km northwest of New Delhi. (283 mi), located 47 km (29.2 mi) northeast of Lahore, Pakistan, along the national capital and the Indo-Pak border. (Wagah) is only 28 km (17.4 mi) away.
Amritsar has been selected as one of the heritage cities for the HRIDAY scheme of the Government of India.[6] Amritsar is home to the Harmandir Sahib, known as the "Golden Temple", which is one of Sikhism's most spiritual and It is one of the most visited Gurudwaras. The city is also known for its wooden chessboard and chess pieces manufacturing industry. [7] Lord Valmiki pilgrimage site located in Amritsar is considered to be the ashram site of Maharishi Valmiki, the author of Ramayana. [8] [9] According to the Ramayana, Sita gave birth to Lord Rama's sons Lava and Kush at the Ramatirtha ashram. A large number of people visit the Ramteerth temple in the annual fair. The cities around Amritsar, Lahore and Kasur are said to have been founded by Lav and Kush respectively. During the Ashwamedha Yagya by Lord Rama, Lava and Kush hold the ritual horse and tie Lord Hanuman to a tree near today's Durgiana temple.
Establishment of the city of Amritsar Edit
The fourth Sikh Guru, Guru Ram Das is credited with founding the holy city of Amritsar in the Sikh tradition. [10] [11] Two stories exist about the land on which Ram Das settled. Based on a gazetteer record, the land was purchased with Sikh donations for Rs 700 from the owners of Tung village. [12]
According to historical Sikh records, this place was chosen by Guru Amar Das and called Guru Da Chak, when he asked Ram Das to find land to start a new city with a man-made pool. [13] 14] After his coronation in 1574, and facing hostile opposition from Amar Das's sons, [15] Ram Das founded the city "Ramdaspur" in his name. He began by completing the pool and building his new official master center and home next to it. He invited merchants and artisans from other parts of India to settle with him in the new city. The city expanded in times of acquisitions financed by donations and created by voluntary works. The city became the city of Amritsar, and the Pool area developed into a temple complex when his son built Gurdwara Harmandir Sahib, and installed the scripture of Sikhism inside the new temple in 1604. [11]
Construction activity between 1574 and 1604 is described in the Mahima Prakash Vartak, a semi-historical Sikh biographical text probably composed in 1741, and the oldest known document relating to the lives of all ten gurus.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh reciting the Guru Granth Sahib near the Akal Takht and the Golden Temple, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
In 1766, Ahmad Shah of the Durrani Empire invaded the Sikh confederacy, besieged Amritsar, massacred the population and destroyed the city. [16]
old walled city edit
During the Sikh Empire in 1822, Maharaja Ranjit Singh fortified the city, starting with a wall in the Katra Maha Singh area. Later, Sher Singh continued with the construction of walls at twelve gates (Lahori Darwaza, Khazana, Hakima, Rangar Nanglia, Gilwali, Ramgarhia, Doburji, Ahluwalia, Deori Kalan, Rambagh Deori, Shahzada and Lohgarh) and a fort called Dhur. Kot whose fort was 25 yards wide and 7 yards high. The perimeter of the boundary wall was about five miles. When in 1849, the British occupied Punjab, Amritsar was a walled city and they built a thirteenth gate known as the Hall Gate. [17]
Edit Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Main article: Jallianwala Bagh massacre
Jallianwala Bagh in 1919, months after the massacre
Bullet marks on the walls of the park premises
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, which involved the killing of hundreds of Indian civilians on the orders of a senior British military officer, Reginald Edward Harry Dyer, took place in a single day on 13 April 1919 in the heart of the Sikh holiest city, Amritsar. Holy to them as the birth anniversary of Khalsa (V.).....
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